The detailed design method and the working principle of the speaker

We do for loudspeaker design personnel and technical management personnel, and sometimes feel, speaker although only not more than a dozen parts, but the complex troublesome degree far exceeds our imagination. This is because: usually the components of the energy conversion usually only once. For example, electric motor is the electric energy conversion to mechanical energy, electric light is the electric energy conversion to light, the battery is chemical energy conversion to electricity, but one kind of energy to another energy conversion. And the loudspeaker are different, it is to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy, and the conversion of mechanical energy into sound energy, which is not common in many transducer. In one speaker, there are electrical, mechanical, and acoustic parts. Nature brings about the complexity and diversity of the system. The vibration of the loudspeaker is in 3D space, with multiple boundary conditions, a variety of materials, many kinds of the geometry (polyester diaphragm), so the vibration analysis is extremely complex, a general mathematical tool has been insufficient.

Past speakers of the design method of the main color of the United States, the equivalent of Nike's equivalent circuit method, what is the equivalent circuit method? Because of the acoustic radiation, vibration, electric vibration differential equation solution is the same, so will circuit to replace the mechanical system, a sound system is replaced with circuit, we are familiar with the circuit theory analysis, this alternative circuit known as equivalent circuits. Using equivalent circuit to analyze the speaker, the theoretical guidance in the experiment, which is the simulation design method.

At present, the advanced design method is to use the design software, color with computer design: use the finite element method to analyze and design the speaker, what is called finite element method? The vibration film is composed of many properties of the same and very small units. For each unit, it is the same. The equilibrium equations are established by using the principle of conservation of energy. Thus the vibration characteristics of the whole vibration film is obtained. The finite element method uses the advanced technology of computer, as long as the input of a variety of data, the computer can get the results, so that the design of the speaker becomes a problem of the use of software to achieve the design of the speaker can be calculated by the reality. At present domestic and foreign has a variety of software, such as we are using: Femm (magnetic circuit system design software) and FINEMotor (speaker unit magnetic circuit system and a voice coil design software, Denmark), through the application of the two software, we have from the software design use tasted the sweetness, but for FINECone (using finite element method to the top of the cone basin and the ball shaped diaphragm of the acoustic properties of the simulation software, Denmark) we haven't mastered, so the use of them also need to a period of time. In the domestic speaker design software has been more and more manufacturers recognized and used. We believe that the use of computer aided design of the speaker is a wise move, the application of design software will improve product development level, will shorten the product development cycle, reduce costs. We require designers to from the simulation design stage as soon as possible transition to the use of computer design software in the design phase, keep up with the times the pace, and to improve the design level of the products.